Transcription – Spelling, Handwriting and Presentation

Pupils should be able to spell by:

• segmenting spoken words into phonemes and representing these by graphemes, spelling many correctly
• learning new ways of spelling phonemes for which one or more spellings are already known, and learn some words with each spelling, including a few common homophones
• learning to spell common exception words
• learning to spell more words with contracted forms
• learning the possessive apostrophe (singular) [for example, the girl’s book]
• distinguishing between homophones and near-homophones

Pupils should be able to:

• form lower-case letters of the correct size relative to one another
• start using some of the diagonal and horizontal strokes needed to join letters and understand which letters, when adjacent to one another, are best left unjoined
• write capital letters and digits of the correct size, orientation and relationship to one another and to lower case letters
• use spacing between words that reflects the size of the letters.

Composition

Pupils should be able to develop positive attitudes towards and stamina for writing by:

• writing narratives about personal experiences and those of others (real and fictional)
• writing about real events
• writing poetry
• writing for different purposes

Pupils should be able to consider what they are going to write before beginning by:

• planning or saying out loud what they are going to write about
• writing down ideas and/or key words, including new vocabulary
• encapsulating what they want to say, sentence by sentence

Pupils should be able to make simple additions, revisions and corrections to their own writing by:

• evaluating their writing with the teacher and other pupils
• re-reading to check that their writing makes sense and that verbs to indicate time are used correctly and consistently, including verbs in the continuous form
• proof-reading to check for errors in spelling, grammar and punctuation [for example, ends of sentences punctuated correctly]

Vocabulary, Grammar & Punctuation

Pupils should be able to develop their understanding of the concepts set out in section Vocabulary, Grammar and Punctuation (see below) by:

• learning how to use both familiar and new punctuation correctly, including full stops, capital letters, exclamation marks, question marks, commas for lists and apostrophes for contracted forms and the possessive (singular)

Learn how to use:

• sentences with different forms: statement, question, exclamation, command
• expanded noun phrases to describe and specify [for example, the blue butterfly]
• the present and past tenses correctly and consistently including the progressive form
• subordination (using when, if, that, or because) and co-ordination (using or, and, or but)

• use and understand the grammatical terminology in English Appendix 2 of the National Curriculum, in discussing their writing.